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Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
This course will enable the students to –
1. Gain knowledge of basic laws of Thermodynamics, Maxwell’s relations, Methods to produce low temperature, Kinetic theory of gases, Classical and Quantum Statistics.
2. Apply knowledge acquired from this paper to realistic problems of thermodynamics.
Course outcomes (COs):
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Learning outcomes (at course level) |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Course Code |
Course Title |
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NST 303
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Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics (Theory)
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The students will be able to: CO82 : Understand the basic concepts of thermodynamics, the Zeroth, first and the second law of thermodynamics, entropy and the associated theorems, the thermodynamic potentials and their physical interpretations.
CO83 : Derive Maxwells thermodynamic relations and apply them .
CO84 : Compare different methods to produce low temperatures and differentiate between He I and He II
CO85 : Understand basic aspects of kinetic theory of gases.
CO86 : Compare and analyze different types of Statistics. |
Approach in teaching: Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Demonstration, Problem Solving in tutorials
Learning activities for the students: Self learning assignments, Effective questions, Seminar presentation, Solving numericals Additional learning through online videos and MOOC courses. |
Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems, Assignments, Presentations |
The Zeroth law, Various indicator diagrams (P-V diagram), First law of thermodynamics, Reversible and irreversible processes, Carnot’s engine, Carnot’s cycle and efficiency of Carnot’s engine, reversibility of Carnot’s engine, Carnot’s theorem. Second law of thermodynamics, (different statements and their equivalence) Entropy, Principle of increase of entropy, Thermodynamic scale of temperature, Thermodynamic scale as an absolute scale, Third law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic state of a system; Thermodynamic equilibrium (thermal, mechanical and chemical).
Extensive and Intensive Thermodynamic Variables. Thermodynamic Potentials: Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Helmholtz Free Energy, Gibb’s Free Energy. Their Definitions, Properties and Applications. Deduction of Maxwell’s relations from thermodynamic potentials. Surface Films and Variation of Surface Tension with Temperature., First and second order Phase Transitions with examples, Clausius Clapeyron Equation and Ehrenfest equations, Effect of pressure on boiling point of liquids,
Maxwell’s Thermodynamic Relations: Derivations of Maxwell’s Relations, Applications of Maxwell’s Relations: Clausius Clapeyron equation, Values of Cp-Cv, Tds Equations, Joule-Kelvin coefficient for Ideal and Van der Waal Gases, Energy equations, Change of Temperature during Adiabatic Process.
Joule Thomson expansion and JT coefficient for ideal as well as Vander Waals gas, Porous plug experiment, Temperature of inversion, Regenerative cooling, cooling by adiabatic expansion and demagnetization, liquid He, He I and He II, Peculiar properties of He II, Nernst heat theorem.
Distribution law of molecular velocities, Most probable, Average and RMS velocities, energy distribution function, Experimental verification of Maxwell velocity distribution, Principle of equipartition of energy. Mean free path and collision cross section, distribution of mean free path, Transport of mass, momentum and energy and their interrelationship, (coefficient of viscosity, thermal conductivity & diffusion). Work and Heat; Internal Energy of System-Concept of heat ; heat transfer (Conduction, convection and radiation); Heat capacity; Problems
State of a system, ensembles, postulates, Probability calculations, partition function, its properties and its connection with thermodynamic quantities,
Classical Statistics: Phase space, micro and macro states, Thermodynamic probability, relation between entropy and thermodynamic probability, Monatomic ideal gas, specific heat capacity of diatomic gas and specific heat of solids.
Quantum Statistics: Failure of classical statistics (Blackbody radiation and various laws of distribution of radiation, qualitative discussion of Weins and Rayleigh Jeans Law) Postulates of quantum statistics, Indistinguishability of wave function and exchange degeneracy, Bose Einstein statistics and its distribution function, Planck’s distribution function and radiation formula, Fermi Dirac statistics and its distribution function.
1. “Heat and Thermodynamics”, Singhal, Agarwal and Prakash , Pragati Prakashan.
2. “Heat and Thermodynamics”, Brijlal and Subramaniam, S. Chand & Sons.
3. “Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics”, S.L.Kakani, Sultan Chand & Sons.
4. “Statistical and Thermal Physics”, S. Loknathan and R.S. Gambhir, Prentice Hall, New Delhi 1991.
5. “Thermodynamics, kinetic theory of gases and Statistical Mechanics”, F.W.Sears, G.L.Salinger, Narosa Pub. House.
6. “Introduction to Statistical Mechanics”, B.B. Laud, Mc Milan India Ltd
7. “Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics”, Federick Reif, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 1992.
8. “Heat and Thermodynamics”, M.S.Yadav, Anmol Publications.
9. “Fundamentals of Statistical Physics”, A.K. Das Gupta, New Central Book Company, Calcutta, 2003.
10. Physics, 4th Edition, Volume I, Resnick, Halliday, Krane JOHN WILEY & SONS (SEA) PTE LTD.
11. Heat and Thermodynamics Mark. W. Zemansky, Richard H. Dittman Seventh Edition, McGraw-Hill International Editions.
12. Thermal Physics (Heat & Thermodynamics) A.B. Gupta, H.P. Roy Books and Allied (P) Ltd, Calcutta.
13. Heat and Thermodynamics Brijlal, N. Subrahmanyam S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi
14. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics J.K. Sharma, K.K. Sarkar, Himalaya Publishing House
15. Concept of Physics H.C. Verma Bharati Bhavan Publishers.
16. Statistical and Thermal Physics, Michael J. R. Hoch, CRC Press
